A general survey of the structure and function of the cerebral cortex. Topics include cortical anatomy, functional localization, and newer computational approaches to understanding cortical processing operations. Motor cortex, sensory cortex (visual, auditory, and somatosensory cortex), association cortex, and limbic cortex. Emphasis is on using animal models to understand human cortical function and includes correlations between animal studies and human neuropsychological and functional imaging literature.
Students will present papers during the class (one per class.) In addition, two students per paper will be assigned as "discussants". Discussants will prepare questions for the paper presenter, to help the group get to the core issues of each paper.
Date |
Topic / Papers |
Discussant |
| 1/6/2011 | Class Orientation | N/A |
| 1/13/2011 |
Visual Cortex |
|
| Daniel: Hubel and Wiesel (1962) Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. J Neurophysiol. 160: 106-154. | Erin, Gal | |
|
Background Reading for Those Who are Interested: Kandel , Schwartz and Jessell. Principals of Neuroscience. Chapters 17 and 27. Mountcastle, V.B. (1957) Modality and topographic properties of single neurons in the cats somatosenory cortex. J. Neurophysiol. 20: 408-434. Maunsell, J.H.R. and Van Essen, D.C. (1983) The connections of the middle temporal area (MT) and their relationship to a cortical hierarchy in macaque monkey. Journal of Neuroscience 3:2563-2585. Hubel, D.H. and Livingstone, M.S. (1987) Segregation of form, color, and stereopsis in primate area 18. Journal of Neuroscience 7:3378-3415. Livingstone, M.S., and Hubel, D.H. (1987) Psychophysical evidence for separate channels for the perception of form, color, movement, and depth. Journal of Neuroscience 7:3416-3468. |
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| 1/20/2011 |
Selective Attention |
|
| Gal: Moran, J. and Desimone, R. (1985) Selective attention gates visual system processing in the extrastriate cortex. Science 229:782-784. | Vu | |
| Erin: Moore, T. and Armstrong, K.M. (2003) Selective gating of visual signals by microstimulation of frontal cortex. Nature 421:370-373. | ||
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Background Reading for Those Who are Interested: Desimone, R. and Duncan, J. (1995) Neural mechanisms of selective visual-attention. Ann. Rev. Neurosci. 18: 193-222. Posner, M.I. (1980) Orienting of attention. Quarterly J. Exp. Psychology 32: 3-25. Moore, T. and Armstrong, K.M. (2003) Selective gating of visual signals by microstimulation of frontal cortex. Nature 421:370-373. |
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| 1/27/2011 |
Posterior Parietal Cortex |
|
| Erin: Mountcastle et al. (1975) Posterior parietal association cortex of monkey—command functions for operations within extrapersonal space. J. Neurophysiol. 38: 871-908. | Dalia | |
| Jenny: Robinson, D.L., Goldberg, M.E., and Stanton, G.B. (1978) Parietal association cortex in primate—sensory mechanisms and behavioral modulations. J. Neurophysiol. 41: 910-932 | ||
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Background Reading for Those Who are Interested: Snyder, L. H., Batista, A.P., and Andersen, R.A. (1997). "Coding of intention in the posterior parietal cortex." Nature 386: 167-170. |
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| 2/3/2011 |
Gain Fields |
|
| Adam: Zipser, D., and Andersen, R.A. (1988). "A back propagation programmed network that simulates response properties of a subset of posterior parietal neurons." Nature 331: 679-684. | Yong-Jun | |
| Dalia: Salinas, E., and Their, P. (2000) Gain modulation: a major computational principle of the central nervous system. Neuron 27: 15-21. | ||
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Background Reading for Those Who are Interested: Andersen, R. A., Essick, G.K., and Siegel, R.M. (1985). "The encoding of spatial location by posterior parietal neurons." Science 230: 456-458.11: p. 95-109. Pouget, A., Deneve, S., and Duhamel, J.R. (2002) A computational perspective on the neural basis of multisensory spatial representations. Nature Rev. Neurosci. 3: 741-747. |
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| 2/10/2011 |
Perceptual Decision Making |
|
| Jenny: Shadlen, MN, and Newsome, WT (1996) Motion perception: seeing and deciding. PNAS 93:628-633. | Gal | |
| Vu: Yang, Tianming, and Shadlen, Michael (2007) Probabilistic reasoning by neurons. Nature 447: 1075-1080 . | ||
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Background Reading for Those Who are Interested: Newsome, W.T., Britten, K.H., and Movshon, J.A. (1989) Neuronal correlates of a perceptual decision. Nature 341 :52-54. Platt, M.L., and Glimcher, P.W. Neural correlates of decision variables in parietal cortex. Nature 400:288-238. |
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| 2/17/2011 |
Awareness of Intent |
|
| Yong-Jun: Libet, B., Gleason, C.A., Wright, E.W., Pearl, D.K., Time of conscious intention to act in relation to onset of cerebral-activity (readiness-potential)-the unconscious initiation of a freely voluntary act. Brain, 1983. 106: p. 623-642. | Jenny | |
| Adam: Desmurget, M., Reilly, K.T., Richard, N., Szathmari, A., Mottolese, C., Sirigu, A. Movement Intention After Parietal Cortex Stimulation in Humans. Science, 2009. 324: p. 811-813. | ||
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Background Reading for Those Who are Interested: Sirigu, A., Daprati, C., Ciancia, S., Giraux, P., Nighoghossian, N., Posada, A., Haggard, P., Altered awareness of voluntary action after damage to the parietal cortex. Nature Neuroscience, 2004. 7: p. 80-84. |
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| 2/24/2011 |
Population Vectors and Motor Cortex |
|
| Vu: Georgopoulos, A.P., Schwartz, A.B., and Kettner, R.E. (1986) Neuronal population coding of movement direction. Science 233:1416-1419. | Dan | |
| Yong-Jun: Graziano MSA, Taylor CSR, and Moore, T (2002) Complex movements Evoked by Microstimulationof Precentral Cortex . Neuron 34:841-851 | ||
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Background Reading for Those Who are Interested: Georgopoulos, A.P. et al. (1989) Mental rotation of the neural population vector. Science 243:234-236. Kandel , Schwartz and Jessell. Principals of Neuroscience. Chapter 38. |
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| 3/3/2011 |
Motor Cortex and Brain Machine Interfaces |
|
| Dalia: Hochberg, L.R. et al. (2006) Neuronal ensemble control of prosthetic devices by a human with tetraplegia. Nature 442:164-171. | Adam | |
| Dan: Scherberger, H., Jarvis, M.R., and Andersen, R.A. (2005). "Cortical Local Field Potential Encodes Movement Intentions in the Posterior Parietal Cortex." Neuron. 46: 347-354. | ||
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Background Reading for Those Who are Interested: Carmena, J.M. et al. (2003) Learning to control a brain-machine interface for reaching and grasping by primates. PLoS Biology 1:193-208. Taylor, D.M., Tillery, S.I.H., and Schwartz, A.B. (2002) Direct cortical control of 3D neuroprosthetic devices. Science 296:1829-1832. Musallam, S., Corneil, B. D., Greger, B., Scherberger, H., and Andersen, R. A. (2004). "Cognitive Control Signals for Neural Prosthetics." Science. 305:5681:258-262. |